异步电机机电时间尺度有效惯量评估及其对可再生能源并网系统频率动态的影响
Available Inertia Estimation of Induction Machine in Electromechanical Timescale and Its Effects on Frequency Dynamics of Power Systems With Renewable Energy
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摘要: 大量风电取代传统发电厂并入电网,导致系统的惯量下降,频率动态恶化。在这一背景下,包括异步电动机和发电机在内的异步电机在负荷侧和发电侧占有相当的比例,其在惯性响应时间尺度的频率动态中所发挥的作用值得关注和研究。为了评估异步电机在机电时间尺度的有效惯量,定义异步电机的内电势,并推导内电势的相位运动方程。结果表明,转子转速和转差频率调节的共同作用会影响异步电机的有效惯量,使异步电机的有效惯量具有时变特性。此外,建立由同步发电机、双馈风机和异步电机负荷构成的系统,用于分析异步电机有效惯量对大规模风电并网的电力系统频率动态特性的影响。时域仿真结果验证了异步电机有效惯量和分析的正确性。Abstract: The increasing penetration of wind power generation displaces a major portion of conventional generating plant reducing system inertia and deteriorating system frequency dynamics. In this sense, the induction machines(IMs) including induction motor loads and induction generators, which occupy a fair proportion in power consumption and generation, should be viewed with some concern in frequency dynamics of inertial response timescale. To estimates IMs available inertia in electromechanical timescale, the internal voltage vector of IMs was defined and its phase motion equation was deduced. It is shown that the IMs available inertia is affected by both rotor speed and slip frequency regulation and presents a time-varied property. Furthermore, a power system constituted of a SG, an aggregate Type 3 WTs and an IM load was established. The effect of IMs available inertia on frequency dynamics of the system with wind power was analyzed. Time-domain simulation results of the studied system were conducted to verify IMs available inertia and the correctness of the analyses.