低热值燃气轮机烧嘴烧损问题的数值计算模拟研究
Numerical Simulation Study of Low-heating-value Gas Turbine Nozzle Melting
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摘要: 整体煤气化联合循环的动力核心是低热值燃气轮机。针对其烧嘴烧损问题,结合低热值燃烧器的结构特点、低热值燃料的特性及低热值燃气轮机实际运行情况,采用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamic,CFD)方法建立了该低热值燃气轮机燃烧室和燃烧器的数值模型,分析了燃烧器烧嘴烧损的主要原因,发现是因为少量合成气从稳焰孔流出后,被空气挤压,在靠近烧嘴壁面的位置燃烧所造成的。为解决这一问题,提出在稳焰孔上方增加一圈遮焰环的解决方案,并用CFD模型进行校验。结果显示遮焰环方案烧嘴的最高壁面温度由原方案的1666 K降低至1076K,远低于烧嘴材料烧损的温度。Abstract: Low-heating-value gas turbine is the core equipment of an integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC) plant. Aiming at serious burner nozzles melting of the low-heating-value gas turbine, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) was employed to construct the numerical model of the combustor and burner to analyze the reasons, considering the structure of the low-heating-value burner, fuel characteristics, and actual operation condition of the gas turbine. The CFD model shows that a small amount of syngas flows out of the flame stabilization holes of the nozzle. Then, it was pressed to the nozzle wall by air and burns there, which leads to high temperature regions and possible melting of the nozzle. To solve this problem, adding a baffle ring above the flame stabilization holes was proposed. The solution was examined by the CFD numerical model and shows that the highest nozzle wall temperature reduces from 1666 K down to 1076 K, far blew the melting temperature.