Abstract: Solar interface evaporation is a process of converting solar energy into heat energy and using materials with photothermal conversion properties to locally heat water at the interface to promote evaporation, which has broad application prospects in the field of seawater desalination. To gain a deeper understanding of the development and application of solar interface evaporation seawater desalination technology, this paper introduces the research progress of solar interface evaporation from the perspectives of light absorption and thermal management, and discusses the development direction and application prospects of interface evaporation seawater desalination technology. The paper summarizes the influence of different categories and structures of photothermal conversion materials on solar conversion efficiency, and summarizes the influence of different forms of heat loss on interface evaporation rate. The challenges and future development of solar interface evaporation seawater desalination technology are discussed, with the aim of providing reference for the practical application of subsequent seawater desalination technology.