Abstract: As the main by-products of biomass thermochemical conversion,organic pollutants seriously affect the application prospects of this technology. Organic pollutants mainly include tar,nitrogen oxides,sulfur oxides,etc. Tar sticks to equipment and pipe wall at normal temperature,causing equipment blockage. Sulfide,nitride and other by-products of gasification are harmful to human health and ecological environment. Therefore,this paper starts with biomass gasification technology,combining domestic and foreign organic pollutant removal and control technologies,analyzes the sources,hazards and treatment methods of tar,sulfide and nitrogen produced in the biomass gasification process in detail,and looks forward to the development direction of organic pollutant prevention and control technology,in order to provide referential experience for the removal and control of organic pollutants in the biomass gasification process,further promote the high value utilization of biomass resources.