Abstract: This paper researches the optimal control method and SOC balance strategy of distributed battery energy storage system,and proposes a cooperative control strategy based on SOC balance. The multi-agent system（MAS）theory was used to realize the cooperative control of battery energy storage system,and the multi-agent distributed algorithm was used to realize the adaptive allocation of power instructions,and then realized SOC dynamic equalization. Aiming at the slow convergence of traditional multi-agent algorithm,a distributed algorithm based on model predictive control（MPC）was proposed. MPC was used to optimize the traditional multi-agent algorithm and improve the convergence speed. Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed strategy and the advantages of the algorithm in convergence speed are verified by simulation with the actual energy storage power data.