Abstract: To improve the comprehensive economy of the fuel cell hybrid locomotive,a parameter matching method of fuel cell hybrid power system based on configuration cost optimization and locomotive dynamic performance is proposed. This paper equates the lithium battery energy consumption to the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell and proposes a real-time optimization strategy of equivalent consumption strategy to reduce the overall energy consumption level of the system. Otherwise,the feasibility study of the proposed method is carried out based on the actual parameters of a locomotive. The results show that the target locomotive equipped with 10sets of 150 kW fuel cells and 549 series and 16 parallel lithium batteries can achieve the minimum total purchase cost of the system while ensuring safe and stable operation. Moreover,based on the proposed equivalent consumption minimum strategy,the equivalent hydrogen consumption of the system can be reduced by 8.44%,and the overall economy of the hybrid power system is significantly improved.