Abstract: The large-scale implementation of solar photovoltaics（PV）changes the types and characteristics of the underlying surface and gradually changes local ecological succession. Their impact on local climate and ecosystem has been widely studied in recent years.This scientific question is the important foundation for designing climate-ecosystem-friendly PV stations and developing sustainable renewable energy. This paper summarizes the existing research methods including field observation and numerical simulation,and the results show that the implementation of PV significantly impacted local radiation,temperature,humidity,and wind speed. By increasing the biodiversity,changing the growth of the vegetation,as well as changing the physical and chemical properties of soil in the PV station,large-scale implementation of PV will protect the ecologically fragile area from soil erosion,and the local ecosystem will benefit from windbreak and sand fixation. However,the existing studies are localized. The principle of these changes can be partly explained by the changes in radiation balance and the water-energy cycle process. Further observational studies about large-scale PV stations and urban PV systems should be explored to reveal the critical role of factors and processes such as conversion efficiency and evapotranspiration. The payoff of ecological benefits during the construction and operation of PV stations should be valued to prevent desertification,ecological damage,and soil pollution.