Abstract: In this paper,the thermal response behaviors,damage morphology,and microscopic damage characteristics of type Ⅲ hydrogen tanks were studied under typical fire conditions. These properties were investigated by methods of bonfire test,hydraulic burst test,and thermal analysis. Results show that the hydraulic burst pressure of type Ⅲ tank（35 MPa-166 L）is 125.5 MPa. However,the average failure pressure of the tanks under the prescribed fire conditions is 41.5 MPa,which is reduced by about 3 times in the fire environment. The decomposition of epoxy resin occurs in temperature range of 100 to 600 °C,which exhibits four obvious phases of reaction. The decomposition of carbon fiber mainly occurs in temperature range of 600 to 950 ℃,in which the fastest weight loss rate is 0.87%/℃ at 849 ℃. In addition,three typical thermal damage modes of the high-pressure hydrogen tanks at fire scenarios are discussed,such as fire damage,explosion damage,and thermal radiation damage. The carbon fiber remnant filament at explosion scene showsbrittle broken in layers with obvious mechanical damage characteristics.