Abstract: In this paper,various light capture strategies applied to quantum dot solar cells and efficient utilization strategies of high and low energy photons are summarized. Light-capture techniques such as surface texture, periodic nanostructures and plasma nanostructures can effectively enhance the light absorption of the device. The application of multi-exciton effect,hot carrier extraction and down-conversion is an important method to solve the thermalization loss of photocarriers after the absorption of high energy photon,while up-conversion and intermediate band structure are important ways to realize effective utilization of low energy photons in subbandgap. The advantages and disadvantages of different optical utilization strategies and their recent application progress are summarized,and the prospects for the development of various optical utilization strategies are put forward.