Abstract: In order to identify the fault characteristics of wind turbines with permanent magnetic synchronous generators more effectively,the spatial-temporal distribution differences of wind speed caused by wind shear and tower shadow are considered comprehensively based on the actual wind condition in the swept area of the rotor disk,and the influence of these differences on the fault characteristics of wind turbines is studied. Firstly,the wind speed model considering the spatial-temporal distribution differences of wind speed（equivalent wind speed model）is introduced,and then the characteristics of the typical electrical and mechanical faults of wind turbine generator system are analyzed theoretically based on this model. The expressions of the stator current under stator winding asymmetry fault,blade imbalance fault,and the combination of these two faults are re-derived respectively considering the spatialtemporal distribution differences of wind speed. Finally,the simulation in Matlab/Simulink platform is used to verify the theory analysis.The results show that new fault characteristics will appear considering the spatial-temporal distribution differences of wind speed compared with the existing fault characteristics based on the average wind speed at the hub. The winding asymmetry fault characteristics contain the modulation frequency of 3kP（ k is integer, P is the blade rotation frequency）. There exists the effect of coupling modulation of P and 3kP under the blade imbalance fault in addition to P and 3kP. The fault frequency components will be more complex under the compound fault.