Abstract: According to the structure of air turbine generator set used for oscillating water column device,the mathematical model of air turbine generator set is established. The influence of circuit on the power generation performance of the oscillating water column device is studied through experimental test and computer simulation. The results show that the larger the inertia coefficient JR is,the smaller the fluctuation of the output current is. The fluctuation of output current can be reduced by increasing the inertia or resistance. Then,the shock of output current on the battery is reduced. However,increasing the resistance will reduce the output power. In addition,the results show that adding a suitable inductor can not only reduce the fluctuation of output current,but also increase the output power.