Abstract: In this study,kitchen waste was used as raw material to carry out batch fermentation and semi-continuous fermentation,and high-throughput sequencing of microbial species diversity was conducted,and then the research conclusions were drawn. In the batch fermentation of kitchen waste,the optimal fermentation temperature is between 35 ℃ and 40 ℃,and the optimal fermentation concentration is about 8%. In the semi-continuous fermentation of kitchen waste,the optimal fermentation temperature is about 35 ℃,and the optimal organic load of the fermentation system is between 2.50 g VS/（L·d）and 3.00 g VS/（L·d）. Through high-throughput sequencing analysis,it was found that Synergistaceae,Porphyromonadaceae,Rikenellaceae,Clostridiaceae＿1 and other bacterial populations had relatively high abundance in the anaerobic fermentation system,while Methanosarcinaceae,Methanomicrobiaceae,Methanosaetaceae and other ancient bacterial populations had relatively high abundance in the anaerobic fermentation system. However,the contents in batch and semi-continuous fermentation systems were different,and the dominant microbial populations were different at different temperatures.