Abstract: Four three-dimensional Ni-Al catalysts with different calcination temperatures（500-800 ℃） were prepared by a hydrothermal method,and the structure and catalytic performance of synthesized catalysts were studied by various characterizations and rice husk catalytic pyrolysis experiments. The results show that the catalyst has a sphere-like structure with uniform distribution of Nibased active sites,but the spherical structure tends to collapse inward when the calcination temperature was 800 ℃. Compared with noncatalytic pyrolysis,the tar yield decreased and the syngas increased significantly after catalytic pyrolysis. The maximum H₂/CO ratio of2.66 could be obtained when the Ni-Al catalysts was calcined at 500 ℃ and the maximum syngas yield of 737 mL/g could be obtained at 600 ℃,and the minimum liquid yield percentage of 13.5% could obtained at 700 ℃. The used Ni-Al catalyst exhibited a stable spherical structure and active performance after reaction based on the structure characterization.