量产效率>22.3%的高阻密栅PERC太阳电池及性能研究
PERC SOLAR CELLS OF HIGH SHEET RESISTANCE AND NARROW FINGER GAP WITH MASS PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY OVER 22.3%
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摘要: 采用低压三步法通磷源扩散制备低掺杂浓度的p-n结,并应用于高阻密栅p型单晶硅钝化发射极局域背接触(PERC)太阳电池。通过增加第二步小氮的流量以改变扩散后硅片的方阻。随着方阻的增大,发射极表面掺杂浓度降低、俄歇复合降低、平均少子寿命增加。通过ECV测试,研究不同方块电阻对发射极掺杂浓度及结深的影响,结合发射极光电损耗机理的理论分析,确定优化的扩散后方块电阻180Ω/□及激光选择性掺杂区域方阻为80Ω/□,并对应细栅的数目为114。研究表明,随着发射极方块电阻的提高,太阳电池的短波响应显著提高,短路电流稳定提升80 mA,而通过对细栅线设计的优化,可抑制方阻提高对串联电阻及填充因子的影响,高方阻密栅PERC太阳电池的光电性能显著提升,电池效率稳定提升0.28%,转化效率达到22.3%,体现出高方阻密栅技术应用于PERC太阳电池的巨大潜力。Abstract: In this paper a low-doping concentration p-n junction was prepared by low-pressure three-step diffusion method for p-type single crystalline silicon passivated emitter rear contact(PERC)solar cells combined with narrow finger gap. The sheet resistance of the silicon wafer after phosphorus diffusion can be adjusted by varying the nitrogen flow rate in the second step. As the doping concentration decreases at the emitter surface,the sheet resistance increases as well as less Auger recombination and increasing of average minority carrier lifetime. The doping concentration and junction depth of samples were measured by ECV test. Given the theoretical analysis of the emitter photoelectric loss,the optimized sheet resistance of 180 Ω/□ for thermal diffusion was determined with the finger number of 114. As indicated by the cell performance in in-line process,the short-circuit current is stably increased by 80 mA due to the enhanced short-wavelength response with high sheet resistance. The fill factor is maintained due to the narrower finger gap due to the enhanced collection of photo generated carrier. The stabilized conversion efficiency was improved by 0.28% reaching 22.30% was achieved for inline PERC solar cells production.