Abstract: The photovoltaic module covers the greenhouse that will changes the temperature and illumination inside the greenhouse,which will affect the growth of crops. In this paper,the CFD transient model of photovoltaic greenhouse was established based on the hourly changes of ambient temperature and solar radiation. The effects of the photovoltaic module layout on the temperature of air layer,soil layer and solar irradiance on the surface of soil layer were studied. The research results show that after the photovoltaic modules being laid,the temperature of the air layer and the soil layer in the greenhouse can be reduced. The more being laid,the greater impact.At the same time,the less the solar radiation on the surface of the soil layer. Only in the winter the influence is small,because most of the shadow covered by photovoltaic modules falls on the back wall. Considering the crop’s demand for temperature and illumination,the coverage rate of 50% is selected as the preferred photovoltaic module layout. The above research has a certain guiding role for the design and promotion of photovoltaic greenhouse and contributes to the development and upgrading of green agriculture.