风力机叶片双激励共振疲劳加载系统自适应扫频控制
ADAPTIVE SWEEP FREQUENCY CONTROL OF WIND TURBINE BLADE DUAL-EXCITATION FATIGUE LOADING SYSTEM
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摘要: 针对非线性特性及环境影响引起叶片疲劳试验振幅衰减的问题,建立风力机叶片双激励共振式疲劳加载系统动力学模型,利用平均法求解激振加载系统的动力学方程,分析系统振动特性,提出疲劳加载自适应扫频控制方法。基于鉴相法检测激振力和振动位移的相位差,设计系统共振频率跟踪控制器,然后利用Matlab/Simulink建立仿真模型对控制器进行数值仿真分析,验证控制器有效性及控制系统鲁棒性。兆瓦级风力机叶片双激励疲劳加载试验结果表明,控制器能维持叶片的振幅误差,实现叶片共振疲劳加载,自适应扫频控制方法可靠有效,疲劳试验精度与效率提高。Abstract: Aiming at the problem of amplitude attenuation of wind turbine blades caused by non-linear characteristics and environmental impact,a dynamic model of wind turbine blade dual-excitation resonance fatigue loading system is established.The dynamic equation of the excitation loading system is solved by averaging method,the vibration characteristics of the system are analyzed,and an adaptive sweep frequency control method for fatigue loading is proposed.Based on the phase difference between excitation force and displacement response detected by phase discrimination method,the relative relationship between phase difference change and blade natural frequency change is analyzed,and the resonance frequency tracking controller of the system is designed.Then the simulation model of the controller is established by using Matlab/Simulink to simulate numerically,and the effectiveness of the controller and the robustness of the control system is analyzed.The results of fatigue loading test of megawatt wind turbine blades under double excitation show that the controller can maintain the amplitude error of blades,realize resonance fatigue loading with blade,and the adaptive frequency sweeping control method is reliable and effective,and the accuracy and efficiency of fatigue tests is improved.