Abstract: The dust accumulation on the PV modules surface will have a serious impact on their power generation performance,thereby affecting the power generation efficiency and output stability of the entire PV power station. Therefore,accurately assessing the losses caused by dust accumulation（hereinafter referred to as "dust accumulation loss"） on the PV modules surface in practical applications of PV power stations and developing reasonable cleaning strategies will help improve the power generation capacity of PV power stations. This paper proposes an evaluation method for dust accumulation loss of PV modules based on meteorological data,establishes a dust accumulation loss evaluation model,and uses the actual power generation data of PV power stations and meteorological data as the data basis. Through experiments,the traditional dust accumulation loss evaluation method based on the PR of PV power station and the dust accumulation loss of PV modules evaluation method based on meteorological data are compared and verified. The research results show that compared with traditional dust accumulation loss evaluation method based on the PR of PV power station,the PV module dust accumulation loss evaluation method based on meteorological data has better predictive performance. The simulated power generation capacity is closer to the actual power generation capacity state. It can be used to quickly and quantitatively evaluate the degree of dust accumulation in PV power stations,providing reliable data support for simulating the power generation performance of PV power stations.