Abstract: Infrared thermal imaging detection has the advantages of non-contact,fast detection speed,wide detection range,easy to automate and enable real-time observation,and is widely used in many industries. In order to better apply infrared thermal imaging technology to the field of PV power station detection,this paper uses two detection methods,that is handheld infrared thermal imaging devices and UAV equipped with infrared thermal imaging devices to conduct infrared thermal imaging detection on multiple operational PV power station sites. Based on the infrared thermal imaging detection results,common fault cases of PV power stations are selected,and the typical characteristics and causes of abnormal infrared thermal imaging caused by these faults are analyzed. Through infrared thermal imaging detection results,it is found that there are some thermal anomalies in PV modules and electrical equipment. The types of faults that cause these thermal anomalies can be divided into five categories,namely:1) One piece of solar cell hot spots in PV modules;2) Open circuit of the solar cell string inside the PV module;3) Short circuit or open circuit of PV string（or PV module）;4) Lack of integrity or mechanical damage to the PV array;5) Electrical equipment abnormality. The research results can provide reference and inspiration for the application of infrared thermal imaging technology in the detection of PV power stations. By using infrared thermal imaging images,the types of faults in PV power stations can be accurately identified,and heating faults and hidden dangers in PV power stations can be discovered in a timely manner. This can improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of PV power stations,and is of great significance for promoting the safe and efficient operation of PV power stations and the development of the new energy industry.