Abstract: Tight oil and gas (TOG)resources are rich in the whole world, which have a history of exploration and development over a century. Currently, TOG has become an important contributor to increasing oil and gas reserve and production. Although China’s TOG exploration and development started late, it has been developing rapidly. After 50 years of exploration and development practices, China now has achieved large-scale commercial exploitation following the United States, and has become an important country in the word. Focusing on the geological-engineering needs of TOG in China, significant progresses of seismic technology have been made in continuous research and development, technological innovation and exploration practice, formed corresponding key technologies of seismic data acquisition, processing, and interpretation, which strongly supports the efficient exploration and development of TOG. This paper reviews the global TOG exploration and development process, briefly introduces the main geological characteristics and seismic technology needs of TOG, summarizes the development process and technical status of TOG seismic exploration technology in China, displays some typical application results, and prospects the future development of seismic exploration technology in view of the new needs and challenges of tight oil and gas exploration and development. High precision, intelligence, quantification and multidisciplinary integration are the inevitable trends of TOG seismic exploration technology development.