Abstract: The Carboniferous palaeohighs in the western Junggar Basin, adjacent to hydrocarbon kitchens, present significant potential for oil and gas exploration. To explore the Carboniferous exploration potential, several high-risk wells, including Moshen1, Datan1, and Yantan1, were drilled, without achieving breakthroughs. In 2023, Well Penbei1 obtained a high-yield industrial gas flow, confirming that the large-scale Carboniferous palaeohigh in the western Junggar Basin have favorable conditions for high-yield production of natural gas. This is of important significance for promoting Carboniferous hydrocarbon exploration in the western Junggar Basin. To further carry out an overall study on the Carboniferous hydrocarbon accumulation, the paper systematically summarizes the geological conditions in Dabasong uplift. It is found that natural gas in the Carboniferous reservoirs primarily originates from the Carboniferous and Permian source rocks, while the oil mainly comes from the Permian source rocks. Breccia-bearing tuff is mainly developed in the Upper Carboniferous of Well Penbei1, characterized with the most developed intergranular dissolution pores, thus forming high-porosity, medium-to-low permeability reservoirs. The research of hydrocarbon accumulation process proves the Carboniferous layered gas reservoir formed under the tectonic setting in Well Penbei1, where the hydrocarbons accumulate in high-porosity volcanic rocks at the top, characterized by multi-stage intensified oil and gas charging. On this basis, a hydrocarbon accumulation model is established and described as "dual-source hydrocarbon supply from the Carboniferous and Permian sources, hydrocarbon enrichment in palaeohighs, and hydrocarbon accumulation co-controlled by tectonic and volcanic rock", which significantly broadens the exploration of the Carboniferous reservoir. The breakthrough in hydrocarbon exploration in Well Penbei1 and related researches have laid a solid foundation for further understanding oil reservoirs and ongoing risk-based deployment of palaeohighs in deep areas of the western Junggar Basin.