Abstract: Based on analyzing different types of typical continental tight oil fields in China, as well as source rock, reservoir, and crude oil samples, and using the techniques such as 2D charging physical modeling experiment and 3D lattice Boltzmann numerical simulation, this paper systematically studies and reveals the forming conditions, main enrichment controlling factors, and resource potentials of tight oil in the continental lacustrine basin of China as below. (1) The formation of tight oil is controlled by the geological conditions of the center of basin/depression and its adjacent slope environment, high-quality mature source rocks, favorable reservoir bodies and various types of tight reservoirs dominated by micro- and nano-scale pore throats distributed over a large area in or near the central area of the lacustrine basin, the best spatial collocation of source and reservoir, and the suitable temperature-pressure-fluid field. Among them, source, reservoir, and collocation are key conditions for the formation of tight oil. (2) The tight oil enrichment in the continental lacustrine basin are mainly controlled by hydrocarbon source quality, fracture system, hydrocarbon storage and accumulation system, among which high-quality source rocks with medium to high intensity hydrocarbon generation and expulsion as well as high thermal evolution are the prerequisites for the enrichment and high yield of tight oil. Faults and fractures can significantly improve the transport efficiency, reservoir space and accumulation scale of tight oil. The size and connectivity of the reservoir pore throat and reservoir composition heterogeneity have significant effects on the differentiation and local enrichment of tight oil. (3) Based on a grading evaluation according to resource abundance, the study area is divided into three levels of resource zones; the small-bin volumetric method is used to calculate the amount of tight oil geological resources, and the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) analogy method is applied to obtain the recoverable coefficients of similar scale areas, which further multiplies with the amounts of geological resources to get the potential recoverable resources. The research results provide theoretical and technical support for the evaluation and optimization of tight oil enrichment areas and sweet spots.