Abstract: Meso-Cenozoic continental petroleum system is developed in the southern slope of Kuqa depression with rich oil and gas resources. It is a key exploration area for far-source oil and gas reservoirs. In space, it has a distribution pattern with the characteristics of “rich in the west and poor in the east, vertical accumulation, lower oil and upper gas, coexistence of oil and gas, and dominated by gas”. Based on the analysis of core, well data, porosity and permeability, thermometry of fluid inclusions, and elementary geochemistry, this paper systematically analyzes the accumulation conditions and main controlling factors of the Meso-Cenozoic far-source oil and gas reservoirs in the southern slope of Kuqa depression, clarifies the direction of oil and gas exploration in the next step. The proximity to the hydrocarbon-rich sag in Baicheng, the stable slope structural background during the hydrocarbon generation period, the efficient oil-gas transport system, the superior reservoir-cap assembly and continuous oil and gas charging are the keys for the formation of far-source oil and gas reservoirs in the southern slope belt. Generally, the reservoirs present the accumulation characteristics of continuous hydrocarbon supply, early oil generation and late gas generation, staged trapping, and late accumulation. Oil and gas enrichment is manifested as the ternary main control, i.e., the lithological updip pinch-out zone, structural high parts and fault seals jointly control the oil and gas enrichment, and the oil and gas are mainly enriched in the sheet sand of the fan delta front or the updip pinch-out zone of lacustrine beach bar sand bodies, the south-dipping structurally high parts and the fault sealing zone. The understandings can not only provide a theoretical basis for the future oil and gas exploration deployment in the study area, but also provide a reference for the study of far-source oil and gas reservoirs in structural belts with similar geological conditions.