Abstract: Maigaiti slope is an important hydrocarbon enrichment zone in the Tarim Basin with superior petroleum geological conditions. According to the relationship between oil and gas transporting faults and the space and time matching of caprock as well as hydrocarbon distribution, the fault-caprock association type in Maigaiti slope and peripheral areas and its controlling effect on oil-gas accumulation and distribution were studied using the overlay analysis method. The results show that there are mainly 3 types of fault-caprock assemblages in Maigaiti slope and peripheral areas:penetrating faults staggered type, penetrating faults joint type and unpenetrated type. The first type is characterized by large fault displacement as well as staggered and disconnected salt beds. Upwardly, hydrocarbon is continuously migrated and accumulated, showing high migration and accumulation efficiency. It is favorable for oil and gas enrichment above salt beds. The second type is characterized by intermittent hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Oil and gas enrichment may occur above, between and below salt beds. Thirdly, for the unpenetrated fault-caprock assemblage, hydrocarbon cannot break through salt beds and migrate upward, which is favorable for oil-gas accumulation below salt beds. Various fault-caprock assemblages have important guiding significance for selection of oil and gas exploration orientation.