Abstract:
The zeolite cements are well developed in deep Permian clastic rocks of Zhongguai-Northwest margin of Junggar Basin, including laumontite, heulandite and analcite. Due to the thermal evolution of source rocks and meteroric fresh water action in late diagenesis stage, diagenetic medium environment was partially changed from alkaline environment to acidic environment, thus forming the development zones of zeolite secondary pores. This has great significance to find favorable reservoir bodies in deep Permian clastic rocks. Based on the thin slice analysis of 1400 pieces of castings in more than 120 wells in combination with core observation, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe, clay mineral and provenance parent rock lithology analysis, and etc., the following conclusion is obtained:(1) Three types of zeolite cements show a regularity in spatiotemporal development. Horizontally from basin edge to basin center, zeolite shows a belt-like distribution; in this zone, heulandite, analcite and laumontite are developed sequentially; vertically from bottom to top, the cementation degree of laumonite is decreased, while that of analcite is increased. (2) Differences in parent rock components provide the material basis to form various zeolite minerals. In the alkaline diagenetic environment, clastic rocks rich in intermediate-basic volcanic debris were prone to form zeolite cements dominated by laumontite; clastic rocks rich in intermediate-acid and acid volcanic debris were prone to form zeolite cements dominated by analcite. (3) Under the condition of debris components with the same properties, the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of zeolite are determined by diagenetic fluid properties. The lacustrine basin center is characterized by high pH value, high salinity and rich calciumion, and an advantage for forming laumontite cements; the basin edge is characterized by a reduction in pH value, salinity and calciumion enrichment degree, and an advantage for forming analcite and heulandite cements. Through the research on the distribution characteristics and formation conditions of various zeolite cements, the development law of clastic zeolite cements in Zhongguai-Northwest margin of Junggar Basin was put forward in this study, which has an important guiding significance for understanding the characteristics and diagenetic environment of clastic rocks as well as finding favorable zeolite solution-pore reservoirs in Zhongguai-Northwest margin of Junggar Basin.