Abstract: Based on studies of the global oil-gas resource potential and development trend, we analyzed characteristics of hydrocarbon resources owned by Chinese oil-gas companies and its distribution in all over the world. In addition, we analyzed global hydrocarbon resource strategies of the international oil companies (IOCs) and drew a conclusion that a limited growth room of global conventional oil-gas resources has been left but a very huge promising growth emerges for unconventional resources, and that overall oil-gas supply and demand system of the world, in general, still keeps a balance though with a large difference from region to region. Although Chinese oil-gas exploration and production(E & P) activities are seen all over the world, their distribution remains uneven because major producing fields are focused on a small number of countries predominantly located in high-risk regions, and most of their oil-gas assets are dominated by onshore conventional oil & gas with an oil predominance far over gas. Currently, the IOCs are executing a strategy to give equal priorities to both onshore and offshore, oil and gas, conventional and unconventional resources, they are managing to expand shares in offshore, especially conventional oil-gas realm in deepwater, and meanwhile to pursue a surge in onshore unconventional oil-gas E&P. Under circumstance of current fast changing world and more restricted oil & gas cooperation modes, Chinese oil companies should make full use of their own advantages to enhance cooperation with national oil companies and IOCs as well as with independent oil companies so as to acquire more shares in unconventional oil & gas resources and gradually enter offshore E&P realms. Moreover, Chinese oil companies should expand projects of both upstream and downstream abroad, attempting to build up a hydrocarbon resource strategic system of oil-gas self-supply focused on the China-central Asia-Russia region.