Abstract: The drilling speed of deep wells in hard formations could be improved by the particle impact drilling technology. A single particle impacting rock test was made to investigate how the diameter and impacting velocity of particles influence the breaking rock volume and maximum depth of craters. We analyzed different patterns of crushed craters in experiments associated with numerical simulation, and developed a physical model of particle impacting rock using the finite element analysis (FEA) software. In addition, we numerically simulated the process of particle impacting rock and contrasted the simulation results with lab data, which confirmed the validity of the H-J-C model. The result shows that the model can lead to an optimized arrangement of diameter and impacting speed as well, which is of guiding significance in technique improvement of particle impact drilling.