Abstract: Based on the upper-air and surface data and NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data,the characteristic physical quantity（dynamic,thermal,water vapor,etc.） of 15 heavy snowfall processes in central and eastern Henan Province from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed.The results show that 0-6 h before the heavy snowfall,the thicker the warm and wet airflow in the middle and lower troposphere,the greater the snowfall,and there is a certain intensity of cold air in the lower layer.Total atmospheric precipitable water（TPW） is a good indicator for predicting snowfall.TPW ≥10 mm,10.5 mm,16 mm are the necessary conditions for heavy snow,torrential snow and severe torrential snow respectively.The mean value of the maximum vertical rising velocity below 400 hPa has a nearly linear relationship with the snowfall magnitude,and the stronger the maximum vertical rise velocity,the greater the snowfall respectively.When the rain turns to snow,the temperature stratification in the middle and lower layers of the troposphere can be divided into conventional type,low-level strong cooling type and low-level direct temperature type.