Abstract: Based on the daily rainfall data at 33 meteorological stations and NCEP/NCAR analysis atmospheric circulation data during 1961-2020,the decadal change in summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin and associated with large-scale circulation was investigated.The results show that the summer rainfall has experienced a significant increasing trend since 1987,and more summer rainfall has occurred in the west and northern part of the basin,which is mainly contributed by the increasing rainfall days.Under the different background of decadal change in summer rainfall,the summer rainfall associated with large-scale circulation shows some differences.During 1961-1986,more summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin is related to the subtropical westerly jet moving southward,an anomalous cyclone occurring along the 40° N over Central Asia,and water vapor transporting from the Arabian Sea.During 1987-2020,the anomalous cyclone moved southward over Central Asia.The water vapor is mainly transported from the Bay of Bengal and the northwest Pacific,contributing to more summer rainfall over the west and northern part of the basin.The East Atlantic-West Russia（EA-WR）atmospheric teleconnection pattern plays an important role in modulating the decadal change in summer rainfall over the Tarim Basin during 1961-2020.