Abstract: In the spring of 2023,the average air temperature in Xinjiang varied significantly in stages,and the average air temperature in April-May was the second lowest in history in the same period of the recent 20 years,and it was rare to have two consecutive months of low air temperature in spring against the background of warming. Based on the 2023 spring temperature data from 89 stations in Xinjiang and the large-scale circulation reanalysis data,the maintenance mechanism of abnormally low temperature in April-May 2023 in Xinjiang was analyzed. The results showed that the low temperatures in April-May in Xinjiang were mainly affected by three cold wave processes,the southward invasion and dominance of strong cold air,the pressure gradient force formed by the positive and negative anomalous centers of sea level pressure in the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia,the enhanced Eurasian cold high,the development of the long-wave trough ridge systems,the mid-level guiding airflow and other factors enhanced the cold air force;the weakening of the lowlevel westerly airflow and the anomalous intensification of the northwesterly airflow,as well as the anomalous anticyclonic and cyclonic distribution over continental Europe and Mongolia to Central Siberia, contributed to the intensification of the southward invasion of cold air; the anomalous strengthening of the key factors of the region,and the prolonged maintenance of the Siberian trough made the cold air entrenched in Xinjiang,which was an important reason for the persistently low temperature in Xinjiang from April to May.