Abstract: Based on the actual situation of Zhenhai district,this study aims to develop the construction and application of grid lightning disaster risk assessment model for buildings（structures）in large area,and solve the problem that lightning disaster risk assessment only stays in risk distribution assessment of single buildings（structures）based on post-disaster loss indicators.Based on the conventional electricgeometric lightning disaster risk assessment model,the geographic information processing technology is introduced to divide the assessment area into grids,then build multi-level grid lightning disaster risk assessment model,in which lattice contains building height and gradient,soil resistivity and its gradient,lightning protection efficiency,effective interception area,ground flash density,electrical and electronic equipment system,population density,fire risk index.Taking the risk assessment of lightning disaster in a chemical plant as an example,the feasibility application of the model is illustrated. The results show that:through comprehensive analysis and calculation of each index data set and ArcGIS risk zoning,the risk assessment results of lightning disaster in the factory are basically consistent with the risk assessment report of lightning disaster at the municipal level and the lightning prone zoning at the provincial level.The method of large-scale and trans-regional lightning disaster risk assessment using geographic information technology（GIS） grid,building mathematical model from“point”to“surface”,has positive guiding significance for regional and extended lightning disaster risk assessment,risk zoning and government decision support.