Abstract: Broadband impedance measurement devices play an important role in obtaining the impedance characteristics of single-phase VSC systems, because impedance measurement devices need to be connected to the system for energy exchange, they should have reasonable fault protection measures to ensure the operation safety of devices and systems. However, the fault protection strategy for impedance measurement devices in single-phase VSC systems is not perfect. A fault protection scheme for impedance measurement devices in single-phase VSC systems is proposed. Firstly, the impedance measurement device based on back-to-back converter structure is selected to study the protection strategy. And then, the characteristics of impedance measurement device and its influence on the protection configuration are analyzed, and a comprehensive protection scheme is designed. Finally, based on Matlab/Simulink platform, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed device protection scheme are verified by several typical short-circuit fault scenarios.