Abstract: Energy storage systems （ESSs） are changing the real-time balance characteristics of ready-to-use power systems use and have become an important supporting technology for the construction of smart grids.Battery energy storage technology is a systematic project whose research fields include chemistry,dynamic modeling,and system management.Designers need to understand the electrochemical and material properties of batteries to design and implement efficient battery management algorithms based on mathematical models and control systems.Nevertheless,traditional ESSs using fixed welding connections cannot achieve accurate detection and control based on battery cells.The failure of any battery cell will cause a system-level failure,and its safety cannot be guaranteed.With the aid of reconfigurable battery networks,the digital energy storage （DES） technology discretizes and digitizes the continuous energy flow of the battery cells,thereby shielding the differences caused by the physical and chemical properties of the battery cells,as well as flexibly adjusting the battery topology to achieve load matching with multiple application scenarios.