张凡,郭波龙. 熔盐反应堆技术:进展、挑战与展望[J]. 南方能源建设,xxxx,x():1-7.. DOI: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024-180
引用本文: 张凡,郭波龙. 熔盐反应堆技术:进展、挑战与展望[J]. 南方能源建设,xxxx,x():1-7.. DOI: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024-180
ZHANG Fan, GUO Bolong. Molten salt reactor technology: progress, challenges, and prospects [J]. Southern energy construction, xxxx, x(): 1-7. DOI: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024-180
Citation: ZHANG Fan, GUO Bolong. Molten salt reactor technology: progress, challenges, and prospects [J]. Southern energy construction, xxxx, x(): 1-7. DOI: 10.16516/j.ceec.2024-180

熔盐反应堆技术:进展、挑战与展望

Molten Salt Reactor Technology: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects

  • 摘要:
      目的  文章旨在全面系统地探讨熔盐反应堆(Molten Salt Reactor,MSR)技术的发展现状,明确MSR作为第四代核电技术的优势,并分析其商业化应用面临的主要挑战。通过分析MSR技术的发展历程、技术分类及各国研发进展,为MSR技术的未来发展提供有价值的参考。
      方法  采用文献综述和比较分析的研究方法,梳理了MSR技术的发展历程,详细分类了MSR技术的不同类型,并深入分析了美国、中国、俄罗斯、法国、加拿大等国在MSR技术研发方面的最新进展;同时,结合MSRE实验堆和TMSR项目等实际案例,探讨了MSR技术的关键技术进展及面临的主要挑战;此外,还分析了国际合作和技术创新对MSR技术发展的影响。
      结果  研究发现,MSR技术因其安全性高、燃料利用率高的优势,受到了全球广泛关注。美国通过熔盐堆实验(Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment,MSRE)验证了MSR的工程可行性,中国在钍基熔盐堆核能系统(Thorium Molten Salt Reactor Nuclear Energy System,TMSR)研究项目中取得了熔盐制备和纯化方面的重要进展。俄罗斯、法国、加拿大等国也在MSR技术领域取得了显著成就。然而,MSR技术的商业化应用仍面临诸多挑战,包括供应链建设、燃料供应、监管框架适应、废料处理、安全保障措施以及复杂的维护和运营等。
      结论  尽管MSR技术面临诸多挑战,但其在安全性、燃料利用率和设计灵活性等方面的优势,使其拥有广阔的发展前景。国际合作和技术创新是推动MSR技术进步的关键因素。随着相关技术的不断进步,这些挑战正在逐步得到解决。未来,MSR技术有望成为全球能源结构转型的重要支撑,在提高燃料利用率、降低核废料产生和提升反应堆安全性等方面发挥重要作用。随着研究的深入和技术的成熟,MSR技术有望实现商业化应用,为全球清洁能源转型贡献力量。

     

    Abstract:
      Introduction  The study aims to comprehensively and systematically explore the current development status of molten salt reactor (MSR) technology, clarify the advantages of MSR as the fourth-generation nuclear power technology, and analyze the major challenges facing its commercialization. By analyzing the development history, technical classification, and research and development progress in various countries, the study provides valuable references for the future development of MSR technology.
      Method  Using the research methods of literature review and comparative analysis, the development history of MSR technology was reviewed, the different types of MSR technology were classified in detail, and the latest progress in MSR technology research and development in countries such as the United States, China, Russia, France, and Canada was deeply analyzed. Meanwhile, based on actual cases such as the MSRE experimental reactor and the TMSR project, the key technical progress and major challenges of MSR technology were discussed. In addition, the impact of international cooperation and technological innovation on the development of MSR technology was also analyzed.
      Result  It is found that MSR technology has been widely concerned globally due to its advantages of high safety and high fuel utilization rate. The United States has verified the engineering feasibility of MSR through the MSRE experimental reactor, and China has made important progress in molten salt preparation and purification in the TMSR project. Russia, France, Canada, and other countries have also made significant achievements in the field of MSR technology. However, the commercialization of MSR technology still faces many challenges, including supply chain construction, fuel supply, regulatory framework adaptation, waste treatment, safety assurance measures, and complex maintenance and operation.
      Conclusion  Although MSR technology faces many challenges, its advantages in safety, fuel utilization rate, and design flexibility give it broad development prospects. International cooperation and technological innovation are key factors in promoting the progress of MSR technology. With the continuous advancement of related technologies, these challenges are gradually being resolved. In the future, MSR technology is expected to become an important support for the global energy structure transformation, playing a crucial role in improving fuel utilization, reducing nuclear waste generation, and enhancing reactor safety. As research deepens and technology matures, MSR technology is expected to achieve commercialization and contribute to the global clean energy transition.

     

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