Abstract: In order to grasp the influence of particulate matter pollutants in power grids and power plants on the operation performance of power equipment, this paper studies the sources and hazards of particulate matter pollutants in three common power oils, insulating oil, lubricating oil and anti-fuel oil, and the reasons for the excessive particle size in the equipment were analyzed, and corresponding solutions were proposed.At the same time, the future development direction of particle size detection and control was discussed, in order to provide theoretical guidance and reference value for future field work.