Abstract: Wireless sensor networks（WSNs） for transmission channels tree-line safety distance monitoring adopt a linear topology structure,and the "funnel effect" inevitably occurs in the process of data information transmission in the linear topology WSNs,which leads to the imbalance of energy consumption at sensing nodes in the monitoring network and even causes premature network failure.To address the problem caused by unbalanced energy consumption at sensing nodes with the consideration of energy limitation in monitoring network,a node deployment scheme is proposed to maximize the lifetime of overhead transmission line monitoring network,and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation experiment through WSNs test platform.Numerical simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively balance node energy consumption and maximize the monitoring network lifetime.