Abstract: In this paper, we studied the influencing factors of the energy big data ecosystem development from a macro-systematic perspective and analyzed the connotation and architecture of the energy big data ecosystem. We established a system dynamics model for the evolution and development of energy big data ecosystem and used Vensim software to carry out simulation and verify the validity of the model to analyze the key factors affecting the evolution and development of the energy big data ecosystem. The research results show that the most critical factor affecting the development of the energy big data ecosystem is the consumption trend impact factor, followed by the technology R＆D input factor and technology upgrade demand, and finally the financial input factor, environmental impact factor and laws, regulations and policy input factors.