Abstract: The new power systems require current transformers with wide bandwidth, wide measuring range, and high accuracy to meet the new characteristics of wide dynamic range and multi-parameter in the time-frequency domain. Therefore, from the mechanism of magnetic field sensing, the coupling principles of advanced current measurement sensors are briefly introduced, the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies are elaborated, and their topologies are summarized. Moreover, the structural characteristics, performance parameters, and measurement performance optimization solutions of various types of current sensing devices are emphatically discussed. Finally, the pressing issues to be urgently solved, development trends, and application prospects are summarized. It is revealed that optical current transformers come to maturity and have widespread applications. The magnetic sensing technology based on NV centers has surpassed traditional sensors in terms of measurement performance, and when combined with optical fiber sensing technology, it exhibits strong environmental adaptability, indicating a promising future in the field of current measurement.