王柯, 刘刚, 孟森, 谢紫龙, 姚露露, 魏琪. 国产料聚丙烯电容膜的研发进展[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51(5): 2234-2245. DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241765
引用本文: 王柯, 刘刚, 孟森, 谢紫龙, 姚露露, 魏琪. 国产料聚丙烯电容膜的研发进展[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51(5): 2234-2245. DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241765
WANG Ke, LIU Gang, MENG Sen, XIE Zilong, YAO Lulu, WEI Qi. Research and Development Progress of Domestic Polypropylene Capacitor Film[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2025, 51(5): 2234-2245. DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241765
Citation: WANG Ke, LIU Gang, MENG Sen, XIE Zilong, YAO Lulu, WEI Qi. Research and Development Progress of Domestic Polypropylene Capacitor Film[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2025, 51(5): 2234-2245. DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241765

国产料聚丙烯电容膜的研发进展

Research and Development Progress of Domestic Polypropylene Capacitor Film

  • 摘要: 聚丙烯薄膜电容器广泛应用于输变电工程、民用家电和新能源设备等领域。随着特高压智能电网等新兴行业的发展,对高性能薄膜电容器的需求日益增加,但目前聚丙烯电容膜涉及的超净聚丙烯粒料完全依赖国外进口。尽管国内开发了国产替代的聚丙烯树脂,其结构与进口料仍存在差异,沿用进口料配套工艺生产电容膜时会出现加工不稳定和性能不理想的问题。该文介绍了基于中原石化聚丙烯粒料开展电容膜配套成膜加工技术的攻关历程。首先总结了聚丙烯电容膜的发展现状,其次论述了不同国产料电容膜的开发及其与进口料薄膜的对比,最后总结了拉伸温度对电容膜取向晶体结构的影响、不同拉伸方式薄膜的结构演变与电气性能关系等基础问题。总之,通过优化拉伸工艺、链结构调控和结晶结构调控,国产粗化膜在空隙率、粗糙度、介电强度等方面可达到或超过同类进口产品水平,金属化膜则在损耗、击穿场强等性能上表现更优,这些经验为国产聚丙烯电容膜的工业化制备和性能优化提供了重要参考。

     

    Abstract: Polypropylene film capacitors are widely used in power transmission and transformation engineering, civil home appliances and new energy equipment. With the development of ultra-high voltage smart grid and other emerging industries, the demands for high-performance film capacitors are increasing. However, at present, the ultra-clean polypropylene raw materials involved in polypropylene film capacitors are completely dependent on import from abroad. Although domestic substitute polypropylene resin raw materials have been developed in China, the processing stability and comprehensive performance are poor when making capacitor films. Once the raw material is out of supply in foreign countries, the polypropylene film capacitor will become a jammed problem. It is urgent to develop the capacitor film production technology suitable for domestic materials and form an independent supporting process. In this paper, along with the process of film-forming technology of domestic capacitive films, the problems found and the progress achieved in the process of experimental verification of the in-depth cooperation between manufacturers and scientific research institutes in related fields are discussed. Firstly, the development status of polypropylene capacitor film is summarized, especially the development progress of domestic capacitor film and its comparison with imported capacitor film. At present, by optimizing the tensile process, chain structure regulation and crystal structure regulation, the domestic crude film reaches or exceeds the level of similar imports in terms of porosity, roughness and dielectric strength, while the metallized film shows better performance in terms of loss and breakdown field strength. The influence of the stretching temperature on the oriented crystal structure of the capacitor film and the relationship between the structural evolution of the film and the electrical properties under different stretching methods (synchronous and asynchronous) are also discussed. These findings provide an important reference for the industrial production and performance optimization of domestic PP capacitive membranes.

     

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