Abstract: The self-healing breakdown of metallized polypropylene film capacitors (MPPFC) under charging conditions may bring about permanent damages to the electrodes and dielectric film, leading to decrease in capacitance and increase in dielectric loss. Therefore, we investigated the evolution characteristics of macroscopic parameters during the charging process of MPPFC, such as self-healing voltage, self-healing energy, electrode loss area, etc.Combining with simulation, we analyzed the changing characteristics of the microstructure on the surface of the dielectric film. The results show that the self-healing energy increases exponentially with the self-healing voltage, and is positively correlated with the electrode loss area. Influenced by arc discharge, the high-voltage electrode has a larger loss area compared to the ground electrode and exhibits a more irregular shape than the ground electrode. The average boundary fractal dimension of the high-voltage electrode (1.525) is lower than that of the ground electrode (1.665). Furthermore, the current density at the axial edge of the electrode hole defect is higher than that at the tangential edge, resulting in higher axial damage to the metallized electrode during the self-healing breakdown process of metallized polypropylene film capacitors. Understanding these characteristics is of significant importance for comprehensively revealing the evolution of material properties of MPPFC under multi-field coupled complex conditions.