Abstract: In the context of the strategic goals of "Emission Peak, Carbon Neutrality" and "East Data, West Calculation", the proportion of new energy installed capacity and the number of data center racks continue to increase, and the load regulation ability of data centers can effectively promote new energy consumption. Unlike traditional interruptible and transferable loads, data centers, as a new type of load with considerable electricity demand, have the potentials in regulation on both the temporal and spatial scales. Therefore, based on the existing research results, firstly, an overview of data center energy consumption models is presented and several common modeling approaches are compared. Secondly, through the qualitative analysis of the spatial and temporal transfer characteristics of data centers and in combination of quantitative assessment methods for the potential of renewable energy consumption, the potentials of data centers for consuming energy are summarized. Thirdly, the ways to consume renewable energy in data centers are sorted out from two aspects of technology and management. Finally, the prospects in the way of multi-data center joint consumption of renewable energy under the background of "East Data, West Calculation" are put forward, providing new ideas for renewable energy consumption and assisting the realization of China's "Dual Carbon Goal".