Abstract: With the promotion of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" target and the widespread integration of high-proportion renewable energy, power systems exhibit characteristics such as high uncertainty, rapid changes in supply and demand, and significant multiple randomness, which bring new challenges to the safe and stable operation of power grids. Analytical methods are commonly employed for assessing operational reliability and offer advantages such as clear mathematical models, stable computational efficiency, and well-defined relationships between enumerated states. These methods play a crucial role in ensuring the secure and reliable supply of electric power energy. This paper begins by exploring the concept and process of power system operational reliability and highlights the pressing issues that need to be addressed. Moreover, this paper summarizes existing research achievements and their limitations from the three aspects, such as efficiency improvement of reliability assessment, uncertainty modeling of extreme disasters, and sequential analytical evaluation. Finally, this paper discusses the future research of operation reliability assessment methods for power systems with high-penetration renewable energy.