Abstract: Proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEMEC) has the advantages of high current density, high energy conversion rate, long working life, and environmental protection. Meanwhile, the research on modeling of PEMEC is an important means for characteristics analysis of component materials, verification of structerial design, and optimization of control strategy. The PEMEC model has many features and various modeling methods. Based on the analysis of the PEMEC operating mechanism, this paper adopts the model level features of "component-single-array-system" to analyze the "electricity-heat-flow" model from the aspects of modeling methods and model dimensions. The PEMEC models with outstanding characteristics of "air-flow" are reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of four methods, including mechanism modeling, semi-empirical modeling, empirical modeling, and data-driven modeling, and the applicability of the models are analyzed. Based on this, the key research direction of PEMEC model construction is proposed, and prospect in its future development trend is put forward. The research of this paper can provide reference value and guidance for related modeling research such as material replacement, structural development, and characteristic analysis of PEMEC models.