Abstract: The communication power supply system is facing severe transient overvoltage stress. The traditional overvoltage protector is difficult to take into account the lightning overvoltage protection level and long-term operation reliability. The protection failure seriously impairs the safety and reliability of the equipment operation. This paper proposed a design concept of an intelligent controllable surge protection module composed of a voltage-limiting varistor and a short-circuit controllable switch. Through theoretically analyzing the parameters of DC reference voltage and controllable voltage ratio and the experimental research of automatic energy coupling trigger circuit, a prototype was developed and a performance verification test was carried out. The DC reference voltage of the surge protection module is 2.16 kV. Its operating charge rate is very low, and its leakage current is very small under the rated frequency voltage of 380 V. Meanwhile, the surge protection module can still maintain long-term reliable and stable operation under 2 per unit overvoltage. In the range of 10 kA(8/20), the maximum residual voltage of the surge protection module is 1.5 kV, and the voltage ratio can be controlled within 0.7, much smaller than that of the conventional limited overvoltage protective module which is approximately 1.5. Consequently, the voltage protection level of the intelligent surge protection module can be significantly improved, and the stable and safe operation of the communication base station can be strongly guaranteed.