光伏电站建设对周边空气与土壤环境影响的区域性差异研究

钟雨桢; 陶俊宇; 张嘉; 葛亚东; 李再鑫; 王一波

doi:doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0602

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光伏电站建设对周边空气与土壤环境影响的区域性差异研究

更新时间：2026-07-22

- 光伏电站建设对周边空气与土壤环境影响的区域性差异研究
- Vol. 47, Issue 4, Pages: 750-759(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0602
  CLC： TK511
- Online First：08 May 2026，
  
  Published：2026
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钟雨桢, 陶俊宇, 张嘉, et al. 光伏电站建设对周边空气与土壤环境影响的区域性差异研究[J]. 2026, 47(4): 750-759.
DOI：

钟雨桢, 陶俊宇, 张嘉, et al. 光伏电站建设对周边空气与土壤环境影响的区域性差异研究[J]. 2026, 47(4): 750-759. DOI： doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2025-0602.

摘要

对中国5个不同气候特征光伏电站周边大气和土壤参数进行长期监测

基于监测结果构建与地理位置关联的机器学习模型

并预测中国不同区域建设光伏电站对周边空气与土壤环境的影响。结果表明

光伏组件的铺设改变了原有的下垫面条件

打破了地表辐射平衡

进而引起大气和土壤环境的季节性变化。总体而言

光伏电站的建设对大气温度产生增温效应

对土壤温度产生降温效应

并促使土壤含水量和土壤电导率增加。从季节差异均值来看

大气温度在秋季上升最显著

最大差值约0.31 ℃;大气湿度在春季、夏季和秋季均有显著降低

最大差值约1.63%;土壤温度在春季、夏季和冬季降低显著

最大差值约3.22 ℃;土壤湿度在春季、秋季、冬季有所降低

降幅最高约1.48%

但夏季土壤湿度提升约7.7%;土壤电导率全年呈上升趋势

但上升幅度较小。从区域性差异来看

西南高海拔地区气温上升较为显著

典型省份包括青海省（冬季升温约2.13 ℃）和西藏自治区（秋季升温1.89 ℃）;绝大部分地区大气湿度在春夏季显著上升

而新疆维吾尔自治区大气湿度有所降低;南部地区土壤温度全年呈现降温效应

典型省份包括浙江省、海南省、广东省和广西壮族自治区

而其他地区冬季气温上升、其他季节气温下降。

Abstract

Carries out long-term monitoring of atmospheric and soil parameters around five Chinese photovoltaic power stations with distinct climate characteristics. Based on the monitoring data

a machine-learning model incorporating geographical location is developed to predict the environmental impact of photovoltaic power station construction in different Chinese regions on the surrounding air and soil.Results show that photovoltaic panel installation alters the original underlying surface conditions

disturbs the surface radiation balance

and induces seasonal changes in atmospheric and soil environments. Overall

photovoltaic power station construction increases atmospheric temperature

decreases soil temperature

and boosts soil moisture and conductivity. Specifically

atmospheric temperature sees the most significant rise in autumn （around 0.31 ℃）; atmospheric humidity drops markedly in spring

summer

and autumn （up to 1.63%）; soil temperature decreases considerably in spring

summer

and winter （around 3.22 ℃）; soil moisture slightly falls in spring

autumn

and winter （up to 1.48%） but rises by about 7.7% in summer; and soil conductivity increases yearly

albeit slightly.Regionally

high-altitude southwestern China exhibits substantial temperature increases

exemplified by Qinghai Province （about 2.13 ℃ in winter） and the Tibet Autonomous Region （1.89 ℃ in autumn）. Most regions see significant spring and summer atmospheric humidity increases

except for the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Southern China's soil temperature shows a year-round cooling effect

as seen in Zhejiang

Hainan

Guangdong

and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

while other regions experience winter warming and seasonal temperature decreases.

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