黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的随机加载装置与模型试验研究

张勋; 刘佳; 徐洪呈; 姚文博

doi:doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2108

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黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的随机加载装置与模型试验研究

更新时间：2026-03-06

- 黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的随机加载装置与模型试验研究
- Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages: 606-615(2026)
- 作者机构：
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- DOI：doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2108
  CLC： TU411
- Online First：05 March 2026，
  
  Published：05 March 2026
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张勋, 刘佳, 徐洪呈, et al. 黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的随机加载装置与模型试验研究[J]. 2026, 47(2): 606-615.
DOI：

张勋, 刘佳, 徐洪呈, et al. 黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的随机加载装置与模型试验研究[J]. 2026, 47(2): 606-615. DOI： doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-2108.

摘要

针对因缺乏模拟加载装置而无法准确分析长期随机风载作用引起的风电桩基础及结构累积变形问题

自主研发一套液压自动控制的随机风载模拟加载装置

通过开展1g（g为重力加速度）缩尺模型试验验证该装置的加载性能

并分析黄土中风电扩底桩基础-塔筒的累积变形响应规律及其影响因素的作用机制。试验结果表明

模拟加载装置能长期稳定的输出与理论计算曲线吻合程度高的随机荷载

选定液压作动器作动杆质量决定的惯性所引起的加载误差受低风速的影响较大

而受加载频率的影响很小;黄土中扩底桩基础顶部水平累积位移及竖向累积沉降均在随机加载初期快速增加之后逐渐趋于稳定且随平均风速的增大而显著增大

但加载频率的变化对其影响相对较小;不同平均风速及加载频率下

塔筒顶与扩底桩基础顶水平累积位移的变化正相关

但其初始上升阶段水平累积位移幅值以及稳定阶段水平累积位移增幅的变化特征受桩-土相互作用以及平均风速、加载频率的影响有明显差异。

Abstract

In the field of wind turbine engineering

the accurate analysis of the cumulative deformation of pile foundations and structures under long-term stochastic wind loads has been hindered by the absence of an appropriate simulation loading apparatus. To fill this gap

a novel hydraulic-actuated device with automatic control capabilities for simulating stochastic wind loads is designed and developed. A 1 reduced scale model test is conducted to comprehensively verify the loading performance of the proposed device

and to deeply analyze the cumulative deformation response of the belled pile foundation and tower

as well as to explore the action mechanism of various influencing factors. The test results demonstrate that the designed simulated loading device can stably output long - term stochastic loads. The output load shows a high degree of consistency with the theoretical calculation curve. Regarding the loading error caused by the inertia of the actuator rod of the selected hydraulic actuator

it is significantly affected by low wind speeds

while the impact of the loading frequency on this error is negligible. For the belled pile foundation in loess

the lateral cumulative displacement and vertical cumulative settlement at the top increase rapidly in the initial stage of stochastic loading and then gradually reach a stable state. These deformation values increase dramatically with the rise in wind speed

whereas the changes in deformation due to variations in frequency are extremely small. Under different average wind speeds and loading frequencies

the variations in the lateral cumulative displacement at the top of the tower and the belled pile foundation are positively correlated. However

due to the influence of pile - soil interaction

as well as the changes in mean wind speed and loading frequency

the amplitude of the lateral cumulative displacement during the initial rising stage and the variation characteristics of the increase in lateral cumulative displacement during the stable stage are significantly different.

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