A heat transfer model is established for shallow coaxial ground heat exchanger (SCGHE) based on a composite -function considering groundwater seepage
and then based on the proposed model and a model ignoring groundwater seepage
an estimation method is proposed to estimate groundwater seepage velocity () and ground thermal conductivity () by matching thermal response test (TRT) data. The TRT is simulated under different conditions by a three-dimensional numerical model
which is used to validate the proposed model and method. After a long time
the established model is precise
which basically has higher precision than that of the model based on moving line source theory. The proposed estimation method is feasible: for the studied cases
the errors of estimated are basically within 1%
and the errors of estimated are basically within 8%
but the errors of estimated are larger for smaller .
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