考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响

王城宇; 万书亭; 王一龙; 邓超; 田思宇; 胡小立

doi:doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1789

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考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响

更新时间：2026-03-06

- 考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响
- Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages: 498-507(2026)
- 作者机构：
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- DOI：doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1789
  CLC： TK83
- Online First：05 March 2026，
  
  Published：05 March 2026
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王城宇, 万书亭, 王一龙, et al. 考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响[J]. 2026, 47(2): 498-507.
DOI：

王城宇, 万书亭, 王一龙, et al. 考虑风剪切与塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响[J]. 2026, 47(2): 498-507. DOI： doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1789.

摘要

以NREL 1.5 MW风力机为研究对象

基于ANSYS平台开展单向流固耦合计算

探讨在考虑风剪切和塔影效应时叶片覆冰对风力机气动特性的影响。首先

建立风力机的几何模型并进行验证。通过对比恒定风速、风剪切、恒定风速塔影效应以及风剪切塔影效应4种工况

分析这些工况对风力机叶片翼型压力分布的影响。随后

进一步研究这4种工况下

风力机叶片覆冰及其风轮在扭矩、升力和倾覆力矩等气动特性上的变化。结果表明

风剪切和塔影效应对覆冰叶片的气动性能产生显著影响

尤其在后缘翼型的正负压力差上表现出明显的突变。同时

风剪切和塔影效应引发覆冰叶片在扭矩、升力和倾覆力矩方面的3P（P为风力机旋转角频率）波动

且当叶片旋转至方位角180°时

各力矩均出现极值。

Abstract

This paper focuses on the NREL 1.5 MW wind turbine and conducts one-way fluid-structure interaction calculations based on the ANSYS platform to explore the impact of blade icing conditions on the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine

considering wind shear and tower shadow effects. Firstly

a geometric model of the wind turbine is established and verified. By comparing four operating conditions—constant wind speed

wind shear

constant wind speed with tower shadow effect

and wind shear with tower shadow effect—the influence of these conditions on the pressure distribution of the turbine blade airfoil is analyzed. Subsequently

the variations in aerodynamic characteristics such as torque

lift

and overturning moment of the iced blades and the wind wheel under these four conditions are further investigated. The research results indicate that wind shear and tower shadow effects significantly impact the aerodynamic performance of iced blades

particularly exhibiting noticeable abrupt changes in the pressure difference at the trailing edge airfoil. Additionally

wind shear and tower shadow effects cause 3 fluctuations in the torque

lift

and overturning moment of the iced blades

with each moment reaching extreme values when the blade rotates to an azimuth angle of 180°.

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