燃料电池汽车氢气泄漏扩散分区域数值研究

张艺凡; 叶芳; 郭航; 陈浩; 张惟博

doi:doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1748

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燃料电池汽车氢气泄漏扩散分区域数值研究

更新时间：2026-03-06

- 燃料电池汽车氢气泄漏扩散分区域数值研究
- Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages: 748-753(2026)
- 作者机构：
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- DOI：doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1748
  CLC： TK91
- Online First：05 March 2026，
  
  Published：05 March 2026
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张艺凡, 叶芳, 郭航, et al. 燃料电池汽车氢气泄漏扩散分区域数值研究[J]. 2026, 47(2): 748-753.
DOI：

张艺凡, 叶芳, 郭航, et al. 燃料电池汽车氢气泄漏扩散分区域数值研究[J]. 2026, 47(2): 748-753. DOI： doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1748.

摘要

利用计算流体力学（CFD）工具

结合当前氢燃料电池汽车的代表产品丰田第二代Mirai车型

通过改变操作条件和环境工况对氢气在底盘区域和整车区域的泄漏及扩散进行数值模拟

研究泄漏位置、环境温度、通风条件对氢气泄漏扩散的影响。结果表明：氢气在障碍物较少的情况下扩散较为平稳

在障碍物较多的情况下会产生氢气聚积。环境温度的升高会使分子运动更加剧烈

使得氢气在相同时间内扩散范围更大

但整体上环境温度对氢气泄漏扩散的影响作用较小。增设通风条件会促进氢气与空气的融合

且随着通风口数量的增加

氢气扩散效果更为显著

但增设通风条件后

会使车内氢气体积分数在更短时间内达到可燃浓度下限。

Abstract

Using computational fluid dynamics （CFD） tools

combined with the Toyota Mirai model

a representative product of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen in the chassis area and cab were numerically simulated by changing the operating conditions and environmental conditions

and the effects of leakage location

ambient temperature and ventilation conditions on hydrogen leakage and diffusion were studied. The results show that the diffusion of hydrogen is relatively stable when there are fewer obstacles

and hydrogen will accumulate when there are more obstacles. The increase of ambient temperature will intensify the movement of gas molecules

so that the diffusion range of hydrogen in the same time is larger

but the influence of ambient temperature on hydrogen leakage and diffusion is small. Enhanced ventilation promotes the fusion of hydrogen with air. With the increase of the number of vents

the hydrogen diffusion effect is more significant. After adding ventilation conditions

the volume fraction of hydrogen inside the vehicle reaches the lower limit of flammable concentration in a shorter time.

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references

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