玉米芯/石油沥青制备超级电容器电极材料性能研究

赵爽; 周婷婷; 马文慧; 李静; 樊战辉; 沈飞

doi:doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1555

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玉米芯/石油沥青制备超级电容器电极材料性能研究

更新时间：2026-02-06

- 玉米芯/石油沥青制备超级电容器电极材料性能研究
- Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages: 716-729(2026)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
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- DOI：doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1555
  CLC： TK02
- Online First：05 February 2026，
  
  Published：05 February 2026
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赵爽, 周婷婷, 马文慧, et al. 玉米芯/石油沥青制备超级电容器电极材料性能研究[J]. 2026, 47(1): 716-729.
DOI：

赵爽, 周婷婷, 马文慧, et al. 玉米芯/石油沥青制备超级电容器电极材料性能研究[J]. 2026, 47(1): 716-729. DOI： doi:10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.2024-1555.

摘要

将生物质废弃物（玉米芯）和化石能源副产物（石油沥青）混合制备活性炭并探究其在超级电容器的应用潜力。采用响应面法中的Box-Behnken实验设计

以活性炭三电极比电容为目标

优化其生产工艺;对活性炭进行理化性质表征

研究其组成与结构;对活性炭进行电化学性能测试

验证其作为电极材料的可行性。结果表明

在玉米芯占比为20%、碱料比为3.8、活化温度为740 ℃ 条件下生产的混合基活性炭比电容最优

最佳比电容的实际值可达498.1 F/g

与预测值吻合;材料特征分析显示

优化活性炭具备4054.2 m2/g的超高比表面积、优良比例的分层多孔结构、适宜石墨化/缺陷程度和丰富杂原子;双电极系统中

优化活性炭器件拥有104.08 F/g比电容和14.45 W·h/kg的能量密度

且在104次循环充放电后

可实现近100%的高库仑效率和96.41%的电容保持率

表现出良好的应用潜力。

Abstract

The current work innovatively mixes biomass waste（corncob） and fossil-fuel energy by-product （petroleum asphalt） to prepare activated carbon

and investigates its potential for application in supercapacitors. A Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to optimize the production process for activated carbon

with the specific objective of enhancing its three-electrode specific capacitance. The physicochemical properties of the activated carbon were characterized so as to gain insight into its composition and structure. Furthermore

the electrochemical performance of the activated carbon was tested under three-electrode and two-electrode systems. The results demonstrated that the specific capacitance of the hybrid activated carbon（AC-20-3.8-740） produced with 20% corncob

alkali-to-feedstock ratio of 3.8

and activation temperature of 740 ℃ was optimal. The actual value of the optimal specific capacitance can reach 498.1 F/g

which was in agreement with the predicted value. The high performance of the AC-20-3.8-740 can be attributed to its ultra-high specific surface area of 4054.2 m/g

hierarchical porous structure with an excellent ratio

suitable graphitization/defects degree

and abundant heteroatoms. In the two-electrode system

the AC-20-3.8-740 device exhibits a remarkably high specific capacitance of 104.08 F/g and an energy density as high as 14.45 W·h/kg. It also demonstrates an nerly100% high coulombic efficiency and 96.41% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles of charging and discharging

suggesting good applicability of the resultant activated carbon.

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