Research progress on propeller aerodynamic design of low-altitude electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft

HU Bao; GAO Yongwei; WEI Binbin; ZHAO Shunzhe

doi:10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0009

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Research progress on propeller aerodynamic design of low-altitude electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft

更新时间：2026-05-28

- Research progress on propeller aerodynamic design of low-altitude electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft
- Vol. 43, Issue 12, Pages: 1-16(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北工业大学航空学院,西安,710072
  2. 飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,西安,710072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0009
  CLC： V211.4
- Published：2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
胡豹, 高永卫, 魏斌斌, 等. 低空电动垂直起降飞行器螺旋桨气动设计研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(12): 1−16.

HU Bao, GAO Yongwei, WEI Binbin, et al. Research progress on propeller aerodynamic design of low-altitude electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft[J]. 2025, 43(12): 1-16.
胡豹, 高永卫, 魏斌斌, 等. 低空电动垂直起降飞行器螺旋桨气动设计研究进展[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2025, 43(12): 1−16. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0009

HU Bao, GAO Yongwei, WEI Binbin, et al. Research progress on propeller aerodynamic design of low-altitude electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft[J]. 2025, 43(12): 1-16. DOI： 10.7638/kqdlxxb-2025.0009.

摘要

电动垂直起降飞行器（electric vertical take-off and landing

eVTOL）是低空经济的重要载体，作为其主要的动力来源，螺旋桨的气动性能对飞行器整体效能具有决定性影响。本文从eVTOL的工作特点出发，系统剖析了其螺旋桨设计面临的主要挑战，包括宽工况下的气动性能、多桨布局引起的强气动干扰与耦合效应，以及严格的低噪声要求。在此基础上，综述了现有螺旋桨设计方法的发展历程和研究进展，在对比各方法的优劣后，提出了一种知识与数据联合驱动的螺旋桨智能设计框架，并阐述了在此框架下发展的基于模糊理论的螺旋桨设计方法。最后，展望了低空eVTOL螺旋桨设计的3个发展趋势：分布式-一体化-协同设计、气动-结构-噪声-防/除冰多学科耦合设计，以及知识-数据联合驱动的智能设计。本研究旨在为研制高性能、低噪声、高可靠性的eVTOL螺旋桨提供有益参考，助力低空经济产业的健康与可持续发展。

Abstract

Electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) serves as an important carrier for low-altitude economy. As the main power source

the aerodynamic performance of the propeller has a critical impact on the overall performance of eVTOL. Starting from the operational characteristics of eVTOL

this study systematically analyzed the main challenges in its propeller design

including aerodynamic performance across wide-range operating conditions

strong aerodynamic interactions and coupling effects induced by multi-propeller configurations

and stringent low-noise requirements. On this basis

the development history and research progress of existing propeller design methods were reviewed. After comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various methods

an intelligent propeller design framework jointly driven by knowledge and data was proposed

and a propeller design method based on fuzzy theory developed under this framework was elaborated. Finally

three future development trends for low-altitude eVTOL propeller design were outlined: distributed-integrated-cooperative design

multi-disciplinary coupled design considering aerodynamics

structure

noise

and anti-/de-icing

and intelligent design jointly driven by knowledge and data. This study aims to provide a useful reference for developing high-performance

low-noise

and high-reliability eVTOL propellers

thereby contributing to the healthy and sustainable development of the low-altitude economy industry.

关键词

Keywords

references

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